5441. Transport električnega naboja v organskih polprevodnikih, simulacija po metodi Monte CarloRobert Hudej, Gvido Bratina, Egon Pavlica, 2003, original scientific article Abstract: The electric-charge transport in organic semiconductors is essentially different to the transport in ordered inorganic crystals. The reason is in thelocalization of the energy states, which act as charge-carrier transport channels between molecules. Consequently, the determination of the basic transport parameters in organic materials is inherently more involved than in their inorganic counterparts. The analytical methods that are used to describe charge transport in inorganic materials are unsuitable, since they are based on the extended electronic energy structure. We report here on the simulation of charge transport in organic semiconductor thin films. The simulation is based on the Monte Carlo method and describes the charge-carrier transport within the framework of carrier hopping between the sites. We employed a Gaussian energy distribution of the hopping sites with disorder elements. The degree of disorder is characterized by the width of the Gaussian distribution and is measured in eV units. The results of the transport simulation in 3,4,9,10-perylenedianhydride tetracarboxylic acid (PTCDA) show that the photogenerated charge-carrier current depends on the film thickness, temperature and disorder degree. The simulated photocurrents have the same amplitude in thick films as in the thin films, but the overall shape of the I(t) curve is more dispersive in thin films. The charge-carrier mobility decreases with the increasing degree of disorder at a given temperature. The simulation of the photogenerated positive charge carriers current matches with the time-of-flight experiment in a glass/ITO/PTCDA(600 nm)/In heterostructure at room temperature and an applied bias voltage of 8 V.
Keywords: neurejeni kristali, metoda Monte Carlo, organski polprevodniki, transport naboja, PTCDA, tranzientne meritve
Published in RUNG: 10.07.2015; Views: 5945; Downloads: 23
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5444. Identification of sweet cherry anthocyanins and hydroxycinnamic acids using HPLC coupled with DAD and MS detectorPolonca Trebše, Branka Mozetič Vodopivec, 2004, original scientific article Abstract: In absence of standards, HPLC coupled with DAD offers identification of polyphenols by scanning UV-Vis spectra of individual components, which spectral characteristics are unique, but not selective. At the same time HPLC-DAD determination methods of polyphenols differ in mobile phase solutions resulting in DAD scanned spectra deviation between different studies, aggravating the precise identification based on agreement to UV-Vis data from literature. Mass spectrometry (MS) detection with molar weight determination of the individual components in the sample enables more precise identification of compounds eluted from the column. Sweet cherry Petrovka polyphenols were separated on C18 Hypersil PEP 300 column (250 x 4.6 mm, 5 [mu]m) using gradient solvent mixture consisting of methanol, water and formic acid. MS and UV-Vis spectra of eluted anthocyanins and hydroxycinnamic acid were recorded. HPLC-MS analyses were performed using a LCQ [sup]TM ion trap, Finnigan, MAT mass spectrometer by atmospheric pressure chemical ionisation (ACPI). Molecular and fragmented ion masses of sweet cherry hydroxycinnamic acids and anthocyanins were determined and with UV-Vis spectra, in the range of 190-600 nm, used for identification of compounds. Electro spray mass spectrum of two hydroxycinnamic acids produced ions with m/z ratios of 353.0 and 337.0, which corresponded to molecular weights of neochlorogenic acid and 3'-p-coumarylquinic acid. The molecular weights of 5 anthocyanins corresponded to cyanidin-3-glucoside (449.0), cyanidin-3-rutinoside (595.1), peonidin-3-glucoside (463.1), pelargonidin-3-rutinoside (579.1) and peonidin-3-rlltinoside (609.2).
Keywords: češnje, antociani, hidroksicimetne kisline, HPLC-DAD/MS
Published in RUNG: 10.07.2015; Views: 5887; Downloads: 23
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5445. High-resolution X-ray absorption spectrometry of atomic vaporsIztok Arčon, Jana Padežnik Gomilšek, Alojz Kodre, Andrej Mihelič, 2004, original scientific article Abstract: A measurement of an x-ray absorption spectrum of a monatomic sample yields pure atomic absorption essential for the EXAFS (Extended X-ray Absorption FineStructure) analysis in cases of a weak structural signal. A construction of an absorption cell to contain vapor sample takes into account specific properties of the investigated element. Metal-vapor absorption cells for the elements K, zn, Rb, Cd, Cs, and Hg are presented and comments are made on the use of materials and the operating mechanisms of the cells.
Keywords: X-žarki, absorpcija, EXAFS, absorpcijske celice
Published in RUNG: 10.07.2015; Views: 5027; Downloads: 27
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5446. X-ray absorption spectroscopy and related techniquesIztok Arčon, Alojz Kodre, Jana Padežnik Gomilšek, 2004, original scientific article Abstract: In the extensive field of X-ray diagnostic techniques, nowadays mostly implemented on synchrotron X-ray sources, the X-ray absorption methods offer a relatively simple tool for structural analysis of materials. The advantage of the methods is the sensitivity to chemical species and the insensitivity to the long-range order. An overview of various detection techniques is given together with the discussion of accuracy of the method with regard to the spatial resolution and the possible contamination by intra-atomic contributions, the multielectron photoexcitations.
Keywords: X-žarki, absorpcija, EXAFS, XANES
Published in RUNG: 10.07.2015; Views: 4772; Downloads: 26
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