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Abstract: Les je v Sloveniji tradicionalno pomemben obnovljiv vir za ogrevanje v gospodinjstvih. Pri tem nastajajo delci, ki imajo negativen vpliv na zdravje. Z namenom določitve vpliva izgorevanja lesne biomase na raven onesnaženja z delci smo na več lokacijah v obdobju med 2016 in 2021 izvedli vzorčenje delcev PM10 in njihovo kemijsko analizo. Analiza je bila usmerjene v parametre povezane z izgorevanje lesne biomase: levoglukozan, manozan, galaktozan, organski in elementarni ogljik, kalij in benzo [a] piren. V obdobju med 2016 in 2021 so bile v januarju in februarju najvišje koncentracije izmerjene v letu 2017, najnižje pa v letu 2021. Razlike so povezane predvsem z različnimi meteorološkimi razmerami. Koncentracije delcev PM10, kot tudi koncentracije in deleži levoglukozana, kalija in benzo [a] pirena so bile v zimskih mesecih višje, kot v poletnem obdobju. Izjema sta le organski in elementarni ogljik, pri katerih je koncentracija v zimskem času višja, kot v poletnem, njuna deleža v delcih PM10 pa se preko leta bistveno ne spreminjata. Na podlagi razmerja med levoglukozanom in manozanom smo ugotovili, da se v Sloveniji za ogrevanje uporablja tako mehek, kot trd les. Delež delcev, ki jih lahko pripišemo izgorevanju lesne biomase je bil v januarju in februarju v obravnavnem obdobju visok – najvišji je bil v Novem mestu (52 % ± 5 %), najnižji pa v Mariboru (21 % ± 6 %).
Keywords: delci PM10, levoglukozan, manozan, izgorevanje lesne biomase, raven onesnaženja z delci, magistrske naloge
Published in RUNG: 26.09.2024; Views: 592; Downloads: 10
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Abstract: We present a newly developed total carbon analyzer (TCA08) and a method for online speciation of carbonaceous aerosol with a high time resolution. The total carbon content is determined by flash heating of a sample collected on a quartz-fiber filter with a time base between 20 min and 24 h. The limit of detection is approximately 0.3 µg C, which corresponds to a concentration of 0.3 µg C m−3 at a sample flow rate of 16.7 L min−1 and a 1 h sampling time base. The concentration of particulate equivalent organic carbon (OC) is determined by subtracting black carbon concentration, concurrently measured optically by an Aethalometer®, from the total carbon concentration measured by the TCA08. The combination of the TCA08 and Aethalometer (AE33) is an easy-to-deploy and low-maintenance continuous measurement technique for the high-time-resolution determination of equivalent organic and elemental carbon (EC) in different particulate matter size fractions, which avoids pyrolytic correction and the need for high-purity compressed gases. The performance of this online method relative to the standardized off-line thermo-optical OC–EC method and respective instruments was evaluated during a winter field campaign at an urban background location in Ljubljana, Slovenia. The organic-matter-to-organic-carbon ratio obtained from the comparison with an aerosol chemical speciation monitor (ACSM) was OM/OC=1.8, in the expected range.
Keywords: total carbon, aeroosl, black carbon, carbonaceous matter
Published in RUNG: 17.08.2020; Views: 3865; Downloads: 80
Full text (226,45 KB)