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Title: Vrednotenje naravne aktivnosti acetilholinesteraze in koncentracije metalotioneinov v klapavicah (Mytilus galloprovincialis Lamarck, 1819) Authors: ID Ramšak, Andreja (Mentor) More about this mentor... ID Debenjak, Jan (Author) Files: Jan_Debenjak.pdf (3,30 MB) MD5: 76BC8C6487C8CF2BCFFBE6BDC3A8849A   Language: Slovenian Work type: Undergraduate thesis Typology: 2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis Organization: FZO - Faculty of Environmental Sciences Abstract: Škodljive učinke onesnaženja lahko določimo z merjenjem specifičnih odzivov na onesnaženje – z biomarkerji. Izmeril sem aktivnost acetilholinesteraze (odgovor na onesnaženje z organofosfatnimi in karbamatnimi pesticidi) in koncentracije metalotioneinov (odgovor na onesnaženje s težkimi kovinami) v klapavicah, ki so bile nabrane na štirih vzorčnih mestih. Izračunal sem kondicijski in gonadosomatski indeks klapavic ter izmeril okoljske parametre morske vode (temperatura, koncentracija kisika, slanost in pH). Meritve sem opravljal v pomladnem in v jesenskem obdobju leta 2011, da bi ugotovil, ali se vrednosti izmerjenih biomarkerjev razlikujejo med sezonami in med vzorčnimi mesti. Izbrana vzorčna mesta so bila: školjčišče ob Debelem rtiču (vzorčno mesto 00DB), marina v Kopru (vzorčno mesto 00TM) ter školjčišči v Strunjanskem (vzorčno mesto 0024) in Piranskem zalivu (vzorčno mesto 0035). Največjo aktivnost acetilholinesteraze (AChE) sem izmeril v klapavicah iz Strunjanskega zaliva (119 ± 18 μmol min-1 mg-1 v pomladnem vzorčenju in 114 ± 6 μmol min-1 mg-1 v jesenskem vzorčenju) in v klapavicah iz školjčišča ob Debelem rtiču (118 ± 11 μmol min-1 mg-1 v pomladnem vzorčenju in 109 ± 11 μmol min-1 mg-1 v jesenskem vzorčenju). Najnižjo aktivnost AChE sem izmeril v klapavicah z vzorčnega mesta 00TM v Koprskem zalivu: 75 ± 6 μmol min-1 mg-1 v pomladnem vzorčenju in 60 ± 7 μmol min-1 mg-1 v jesenskem vzorčenju. Izmerjena aktivnost AChE v klapavicah z vzorčnega mesta 0035 v Piranskem zalivu je bila 97 ± 12 μmol min-1 mg-1 v pomladnem vzorčenju ter 86 ± 8 μmol min-1 mg-1 v jesenskem vzorčenju. Najvišje koncentracije metalotioneinov (MT) so bile izmerjene v jesenskem vzorčenju, v klapavicah iz vzorčnega mesta 0035 v Piranskem zalivu, in sicer 79 ± 9 µg MT g-1 mokre mase vzorca. Najnižjo vsebnost MT v klapavicah sem izmeril jeseni, v vzorcih iz Koprskega zaliva (vzorčno mesto 00TM): 50 ± 6 µg MT g-1 mokre mase. V jesenskem času so bile koncentracije MT v vzorcih iz Strunjanskega zaliva (vzorčno mesto 0024) 75 ± 7µg MT g-1 mokre mase ter v vzorcih iz školjčišča ob Debelem rtiču (vzorčno mesto 00DB) 67 ± 15 µg MT g-1 mokre mase. Spomladi so bile koncentracije MT med vzorčnimi mesti bolj izenačene: na vzorčnem mestu 00TM je bila koncentracija MT 60 ± 3 µg MT g-1 mokre mase, enako na vzorčnem mestu 0035 v Piranskem zalivu (60 ± 10 µg MT g-1 mokre mase tkiva) ter 65 ± 9 µg MT g-1 mokre mase v vzorcih na vzorčnem mestu 00DB ob Debelem rtiču in 68 ± 10 µg MT g-1 mokre mase v vzorcih na vzorčnem mestu 0024 v Strunjanskem zalivu. Značilno nižjo koncentracijo MT sem izmeril na vzorčnem mestu 00TM v Koprskem zalivu v jesenskem vzorčenju. Razlik v koncentraciji MT med sezonama nisem ugotovil. Sezonskih razlik v aktivnosti AChE med vzorčnimi mesti nisem našel. Ugotovil sem, da je aktivnost AChE v klapavicah z vzorčnega mesta 00TM v Koprskem zalivu in v klapavicah iz Piranskega zaliva (vzorčno mesto 0035), v obeh sezonah značilno nižja, kar kaže na trajno izpostavljenost višjim koncentracijam onesnaževal, ki zavirajo AChE v primerjavi s preostalimi vzorčnimi mesti. Keywords: Mytilus galloprovincialis, acetilholinesteraza, metalotioneini, težke kovine, organofosfatni pesticidi Place of publishing: Nova Gorica Year of publishing: 2015 PID: 20.500.12556/RUNG-1962  COBISS.SI-ID: 3556943  NUK URN: URN:SI:UNG:REP:TVDHA7HL Publication date in RUNG: 01.09.2015 Views: 8303 Downloads: 327 Metadata:    Cite this work Plain text BibTeX EndNote XML EndNote/Refer RIS ABNT ACM Ref AMA APA Chicago 17th Author-Date Harvard IEEE ISO 690 MLA Vancouver : Copy citation

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Language:	English
Title:	Evaluation of natural activity of acetylcholinesterase and concentrations of metallothioneins in mussels (Mytilus galloprovincialis Lamarck, 1819)
Abstract:	The detrimental effects of pollutants can be determined by measuring specific responses to pollutants - biomarkers. I had measured activity of the enzyme acetycholinesterase (response to organophosphorous and carbamate pesticides) and concentrations of metallothioneins (response to pollution with heavy metals) in Mediterranean mussels, collected at four sampling sites. Condition and gonadosomatic index were calculated in Mediterranean mussels and abiotic parameters of sea water (temperature, oxygen concentration, salinity and pH) were measured. Measurements were done in spring and autumn periods during year 2011 in order to find out if values of measured biomarkers were different between seasons and sampling sites. Selected sampling sites were: mussel farms at Debeli rtič (sampling site 00DB), marina Koper (sampling site 00TM) and mussel farms in Bay of Strunjan (sampling site 0024) and in Bay of Piran (sampling site 0035). Highiest activity of acetycholinesterase (AChE) was measured in the Mediterranean mussels from Bay of Strunjan (119 ± 18 μmol min-1 mg-1 in spring and 114 ± 6 μmol min-1 mg-1 in autumn) and in mussels from mussel farm Debeli rtič (118 ± 11 μmol min-1 mg-1 in spring and 109 ± 11 μmol min-1 mg-1 in autumn). The lowest AChE activity in both seasons were measured from mussels at sampling site 00TM in Bay of Koper: 75 ± 6 μmol min-1 mg-1 in spring and 60 ± 7 μmol min-1 mg-1 in autumn. Measured activity AChE from sampling site 0035 in Bay of Piran was 97 ± 12 μmol min-1 mg-1 in spring and 86 ± 8 μmol min-1 mg-1 in autumn. The highiest concentrations of metalothioneins (MT) were measured in autumn sampling in mussels from Bay of Piran: 79 ± 9 µg MT g-1 wet mass. The lowest values of MT were measured during autumn sampling (50 ± 6 µg µg MT g-1 wet mass) in mussels from Bay of Koper (sampling site 00TM). During autumn period concentrations of MT among sampling sites were more equal: at sampling site 00TM 60 ± 3 µg µg MT g-1 wet mass, similarly at sampling site 0035 in Bay of Piran (60 ± 10 µg µg MT g-1 wet mass) and 65 ± 9 µg µg MT g-1 wet mass at sampling site 00DB at Debeli rtič and 68 ± 10 µg µg MT g-1 wet mass in samples from sampling site 0024 in Bay of Strunjan. Significantly lower concentration of MT was measured at sampling site 00TM in Bay of Koper in autumn. No differencies between seasons were found. No seasonal changes between sampling sites were found in activity of AChE. I found out that the activity AChE in mussels from sampling site 00TM in Bay of Koper and in mussels from Bay of Piran (sampling site 0035) was significantly lower in both seasons, which points out chronic exposure to higher concentrations of pollutants which inhibit AChE in comparison with others sampling sites.
Keywords:	Mytilus galloprovincialis, acetlycholineesterase, metallothioneins, heavy metals, organophosphorus pesticides

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