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Title: A systematically selected sample of luminous, long-duration, ambiguous nuclear transients Authors: ID Wiseman, P. (Author) ID Williams, R. D. (Author) ID Arcavi, I. (Author) ID Galbany, L. (Author) ID Graham, M. J. (Author) ID Hönig, S. (Author) ID Newsome, M. (Author) ID Subrayan, B. (Author) ID Sullivan, Mark (Author) ID Petrushevska, Tanja (Author) Files: 2406.11552v2.pdf (5,37 MB) MD5: 087DA9CE9A276B6FCC37C0C6FAB53E4B   https://academic.oup.com/mnras/advance-article-pdf/doi/10.1093/mnras/staf116/61531394/staf116.pdf   https://academic.oup.com/mnras/article-pdf/537/2/2024/61531394/staf116.pdf   This document has even more files. Complete list of files is available below. Language: English Work type: Unknown Typology: 1.01 - Original Scientific Article Organization: UNG - University of Nova Gorica Abstract: ABSTRACT We present a search for luminous long-duration ambiguous nuclear transients (ANTs) similar to the unprecedented discovery of the extreme ambiguous event AT2021lwx with a $\gt 150$ d rise time and luminosity $10^{45.7}$ erg s$^{-1}$. We use the Lasair transient broker to search Zwicky Transient Facility (ZTF) data for transients lasting more than one year and exhibiting smooth declines. Our search returns 59 events, 7 of which we classify as ANTs assumed to be driven by accretion onto supermassive black holes. We propose the remaining 52 are stochastic variability from regular supermassive black hole accretion rather than distinct transients. We supplement the seven ANTs with three nuclear transients in ZTF that fail the light curve selection but have clear single flares and spectra that do not resemble typical active galactic nucleus. All of these 11 ANTs have a mid-infrared flare from an assumed dust echo, implying the ubiquity of dust around the black holes giving rise to ANTs. No events are more luminous than AT2021lwx, but one (ZTF19aamrjar) has twice the duration and a higher integrated energy release. On the other extreme, ZTF20abodaps reaches a luminosity close to AT2021lwx with a rise time $\lt 20$ d and that fades smoothly in $\gt 600$ d. We define a portion of rise-time versus flare amplitude space that selects ANTs with $\sim 50$ per cent purity against variable AGNs. We calculate a volumetric rate of $\gtrsim 3\times 10^{-11}$ Mpc$^{-1}$ yr$^{-1}$, consistent with the events being caused by tidal disruptions of intermediate and high-mass stars. Keywords: tidal disruption events, accretion Publication status: Published Publication version: Version of Record Publication date: 01.01.2025 Year of publishing: 2025 Number of pages: str. 2024–2045 Numbering: Vol. 537, issue 2 PID: 20.500.12556/RUNG-9832  COBISS.SI-ID: 225362435  ISSN: 0035-8711 UDC: 52 ISSN on article: 0035-8711 eISSN: 1365-2966 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/staf116  NUK URN: URN:SI:UNG:REP:QDQEFUGR Publication date in RUNG: 06.02.2025 Views: 365 Downloads: 8 Metadata:    Cite this work Plain text BibTeX EndNote XML EndNote/Refer RIS ABNT ACM Ref AMA APA Chicago 17th Author-Date Harvard IEEE ISO 690 MLA Vancouver : Copy citation

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Record is a part of a journal

Title:	Monthly notices of the royal astronomical society
Shortened title:	Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc.
Publisher:	Blackwell Scientific Publications
ISSN:	0035-8711
COBISS.SI-ID:	25980416

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License:	CC BY 4.0, Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International
Link:	http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Description:	This is the standard Creative Commons license that gives others maximum freedom to do what they want with the work as long as they credit the author.
Licensing start date:	22.01.2025

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